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Adoption in Romans 9:4

 

          The word adoption, uiJoqesiva, is found only in Paul’s epistles. This would lead us to believe it would have the same interpretation throughout, and I’ve thought that for years. But when we look more closely at the works of Ramsay on Asia Minor, which is in modern Turkey, we see that this word can have more than one meaning. In this case, one meaning in Rome and another in Asia Minor. But that is too complicated to go into over the air. Instead, let’s look at the two groups of people Paul is speaking about – Israel and the body of Christ.

          First let’s look at what Paul says about Israel in Rom 9:3-9.

For I could wish that I myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my countrymen according to the flesh, hujcovmhn gaVr aujtoV" ejgwV ajnavqema ei\nai ajpoV tou' Cristou' uJpeVr tw'n ajdelfw'n mou tw'n suggenw'n mou kataV savrka 4 who are Israelites, to of whom pertain the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service of God, and the promises; oi{tinev" eijsin  jIsrahli'tai w|n hJ uiJoqesiva kaiV hJ dovxa kaiV aiJ diaqh'kai kaiV hJ nomoqesiva kaiV hJ latreiva kaiV aiJ ejpaggelivai 5 of whom are the fathers and from ejx whom, according to the flesh, Christ came, who is over all, the eternally blessed God. Amen. w|n oiJ patevre" kaiV ejx w|n oJ CristoV" toV kataV savrka oJ w]n ejpiV pavntwn qeoV" eujloghtoV" eij" touV" aijw'na" ajmhvn 6 But it is not that the word of God has taken no effect. For they are not all Israel who are of Israel, Oujc oi|on deV o{ti ejkpevptwken oJ lovgo" tou' qeou'. ouj gaVr pavnte" oiJ ejx  jIsrahvl ou|toi  jIsrahvl 7 nor are they all children because they are the seed of Abraham; but, “In Isaac your seed shall be called.” oujd= o{ti eijsiV spevrma  jAbraavm, pavnte" tevkna, ajll=  jEn  jIsaaVk klhqhvsetaiv soi spevrma 8 That is, those who are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God; but the children of the promise are counted as the seed. tou't= e[stin ouj taV tevkna th'" sarkoV" tau'ta tevkna tou' qeou' ajllaV taV tevkna th'" ejpaggeliva" logivzetai eij" spevrma. 9 For this [is] the word of promise: “At this time I will come and Sarah shall have a son.” ejpaggeliva" gaVr oJ lovgo" ou|to" KataV toVn kairoVn tou'ton ejleuvsomai kaiV e[stai th'/ Savrra/ uiJov"

          Next, let’s look at the most important passage on adoption concerning the body of Christ, Eph 1:4-6. Just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before Him in love, 5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will, 6 to the praise of the glory of His grace, by which He has made us accepted in the Beloved.

          Corporate Israel was God’s son by adoption according to Romans 9:4. We also see that the nation will not be cast away. But the nation will be purged in the tribulation according to

Zec 13:8,9 And it shall come to pass in all the land, says the Lord, that two-thirds in it shall be cut off and die, but one- third shall be left in it: 9 I will bring the one-third through the fire, will refine them as silver is refined, and test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, and I will answer them. I will say, “This is My people”; And each one will say, “The Lord is my God.”

This will be in fulfillment of Hos 1:6-11.

And she conceived again and bore a daughter. Then God said to him: Call her name Lo-Ruhamah, For I will no longer have mercy on the house of Israel, But I will utterly take them away. 7 Yet I will have mercy on the house of Judah, will save them by the Lord their God, and will not save them by bow, nor by sword or battle, by horses or horsemen. 8 Now when she had weaned Lo-Ruhamah, she conceived and bore a son. 9 Then God said: Call his name Lo-Ammi, for you are not My people, and I will not be your God. 10 Yet the number of the children of Israel Shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured or numbered. And it shall come to pass in the place where it was said to them, You are not My people, There it shall be said to them, You are sons of the living God. 11 Then the children of Judah and the children of Israel Shall be gathered together, and appoint for themselves one head; and they shall come up out of the land, for great will be the day of Jezreel!

But only believing Israel will be saved.

Rom 11:2,24,25 God has not cast away His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying, 25 For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be wise in your own opinion, that blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written: The Deliverer will come out of Zion, And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob.

          Ever member of the body of Christ has the adoption based on God’s predestination, because we have all put our trust in Christ. We can’t lose our adoption. The body of Christ was predestinated to receive this adoption. We became members of this body and its blessings when we believed. That is clearly explained in these verses:

Rom 4:13-16 For the promise that he would be the heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, 15 because the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression. 16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be according to grace, so that the promise might be sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all.

Rom 9:8,9 That is, those who are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God; but the children of the promise are counted as the seed. 9 For this is the word of promise: “At this time I will come and Sarah shall have a son.”

Gal 3:22 But the Scripture has confined all under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.

Gal 3:29 And if you are Christ's, then you are Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise.

Gal 4:23,24 But he who was of the bondwoman was born according to the flesh, and he of the freewoman through promise, 24 which things are symbolic. For these are the two covenants: the one from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar--

 

All the Adoption Verses

 

Rom 8:15 For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption by whom we cry out, “Abba, Father.” ouj gaVr ejlavbete pneu'ma douleiva" pavlin eij" fovbon ajllaV ejlavbete pneu'ma uiJoqesiva" ejn w|/ kravzomen Abba oJ pathvr

 

Rom 8:23 Not only [that], but we also who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, eagerly waiting for the adoption, the redemption of our body. ouj movnon dev ajllaV kaiV aujtoiV thVn ajparchVn tou' pneuvmato" e[conte" kaiV hJmei'" kaiV aujtoiV ejn eJautoi'" stenavzomen uiJoqesivan ajpekdecovmenoi thVn ajpoluvtrwsin tou' swvmato" hJmw'n

 

Rom 9:4 who are Israelites, to whom [pertain] the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service [of] [God], and the promises; oiJtinev" eijsin  jIsrahli'tai w|n hJ uiJoqesiva kaiV hJ dovxa kaiV aiJ diaqh'kai kaiV hJ nomoqesiva kaiV hJ latreiva kaiV aiJ ejpaggelivai

 

Gal 4:5 to redeem those who were under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons. i{na touV" uJpoV novmon ejxagoravsh/ i{na thVn uiJoqesivan ajpolavbwmen

 

Eph 1:5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will, proorivsa" hJma'" eij" uiJoqesivan diaV  jIhsou' Cristou' eij" aujtovn kataV thVn eujdokivan tou' qelhvmato" aujtou'